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Finite Element Stress Analysis of the Double-Opening Nozzle Structure of the Flat Head

Upload Time:

Dec 09, 2024

The flat-head double-opening nozzle structure is widely used in equipment such as plate and shell heat exchangers in the petroleum, chemical and energy industries.

The double-opening nozzle structure in flat heads is commonly used in equipment such as plate and shell heat exchangers in industries like petroleum, chemicals, and energy. Structural discontinuities in the nozzle area of the flat head lead to complex stress distributions and local stress concentrations. Additionally, external loads such as pipe bending moments, axial forces, and torques further complicate stress distribution at the nozzle-pipe connection. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the stress distribution in this area.

Conclusions:

1. As axial tension increases in the nozzle, the maximum stress, film stress, and combined primary and secondary stresses in the nozzle connection area increase. Conversely, as axial thrust increases, these stresses decrease.

2. The axial load and internal pressure combined affect the elastic stress in the nozzle connection area. Increasing axial thrust helps mitigate stress concentration due to structural discontinuities in this region, whereas internal pressure has a more significant global effect, especially at the nozzle-head junction.

3. Both internal pressure and axial load have considerable impacts on the ultimate load-bearing capacity of the double-opening nozzle structure. Increasing axial thrust enhances the nozzle’s pressure resistance, raising the limit internal pressure at the connection area. On the other hand, axial tension reduces the ultimate pressure-bearing capacity, decreasing the internal pressure limit as tension increases.

4. The linear elastic finite element method can be used to derive the limit load curve for the flat head’s double-opening nozzle connection. This curve is crucial for guiding the design and safe operation of the nozzle structure in pressure vessels.